中華芳香本草應用學會 - 2022「中醫本草健康促進期刊」6卷2期 Volume 6-2

22 6 21

ISSN 25226592

DOI：10.6763/IJTCMHP

中醫本草健康促進期刊 6卷2期

International Journal of TCM Aromatherapy

2022/ Volume 6-2

以本產芸香為基礎的天然物組合來同時緩解抗藥性細菌及禽類冠狀病毒

Combination of Natural Ingredients Based on Indigenous rueCombination of Natural Ingredients Based on Indigenous rueSimultaneously Alleviates Antimicrobial Resistant (AMR) Bacteriaand Avian Coronavirus

劉全喜#Liu, Chuan-Shi/ Sun, Li-Ting/ 賴怡汝Lai,Yi-Ru/ 金立德*Chin, Li-Te

摘要

抗微生物製劑的抗藥性問題，一直都是公共衛生上被關注的議題，甚至於COVID-19抗微生物製劑的抗藥性問題，一直都是公共衛生上被關注的議題，甚至於COVID-19(Coronavirus Disease-2019)疫情爆發更是如此。面對抗藥性問題，可從藥物開發以提供解方。本研究從本土芸香預防保健的豐富性來擴展實際應用，以指標成分肉桂芸香鹼(harmine)為基礎，搭配卵轉鐵蛋白(ovotransferrin，OTRF)作為加成劑，測試其複方的抗微生物活性。除收集臨床抗藥性菌株進行複方抑菌測試外，復以有禽類冠狀病毒(Avian coronavirus, AvCoV)之稱的傳染性支氣管炎病毒(infectious bronchitis virus, IBV)作為標的，觀測其改善病毒感染後胚蛋病變及存活情形。本研究使用傳染性支氣管炎病毒減毒疫苗IB 4-91 作為起始病毒株，接種於胚蛋二輪後收集尿囊(allantoic)液以取得活化病毒。本產芸香萃取之肉桂芸香鹼在搭配卵轉鐵蛋白之下，對呼吸道分離的臨床菌株，不論是對格蘭氏陰性或是陽性菌皆具協同性的抑菌活性。對於病毒而言，活化後的傳染性支氣管炎病毒，較原始疫苗病毒株有更強之感染性與毒性，縮短了胚胎死亡時間；以複方處理後，可減少雞胚的病毒異常毒化情形，並且將存活率由33%提升至66~100%。以本產芸香萃取出的肉桂芸香鹼為主體，搭配卵轉鐵蛋白設計成複方，不僅具協同性作用，可抑制抗藥性臨床菌株，同時亦可抑制傳染性支氣管病毒，此廣效之抗微生物的效果，具有開發成外用消毒或治療藥物的潛力。

關鍵字：本產芸香、肉桂芸香鹼、抗微生物6

Abstract

The problem of drug resistance arising from the use of antimicrobial agents has long been aThe problem of drug resistance arising from the use of antimicrobial agents has long been apublic health issue and concern, especially in the era of the current outbreak of COVID-19(Coronavirus Disease-2019), are obvious and profound. Faced the challenge of antimicrobialresistance (AMR) head-on, new drug development may provide reasonable solutions. The success ofour previous works suggested that the indigenous rue may further provide the tool to conquerpathogen-bone diseases. This study was performed based on the combination of the index component– harmine, of the indigenous rue, together with ovotransferrin (OTRF) as an additive; to evaluate theantimicrobial activity. In addition to use clinical AMR strains for antibacterial testing, the infectiousbronchitis virus (IBV), also known as avian coronavirus (AvCoV), was used to test the samecombination for possible improvement of embryonic viral infection. Firstly, we used the attenuatedvaccine strain IB 4-91 as the starting inoculated virus, and subsequently collected the allantoic fluidto obtain the activated virus. The harmine preparation extracted from the indigenous rue, whencombined with ovotransferrin, had a synergistic antibacterial activity against clinical AMR bacteriaisolated from the respiratory tract, irrespective the Gram stain patterns. Furthermore, the activatedAvCoV had enhanced infectivity and toxicity in chicken embryos, and consequently shortens thelifespan of embryos. However, the harmine / ovotransferrin increased the survival rate from 33% to66~100%. The harmine preparation extracted from the rue, compounded with ovotransferrin,demonstrated not only a synergistic effect, but also simultaneously alleviates AMR bacteria andAvCoV. Thus such an effect may have a potential to be further developed into a topical disinfectantor therapeutic drugs.

Keywords: Indigenous rue, harmine, antimicrobial

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2.
運用正交試驗設計法優化無溶劑微波萃取玫瑰純露實驗參數之研究
Study on Optimization of Experimental ParametersStudy on Optimization of Experimental Parametersfor Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction of Rose Hydrosol byOrthogonal Test Design Method
歐明秋*Ou, Ming-Chiu* / 侯佩恩Hau, Pei-En



摘要
本研究選用南台灣農場栽種的玫瑰花瓣進行無溶劑微波萃取純露，運用正交試驗L9(34)本研究選用南台灣農場栽種的玫瑰花瓣進行無溶劑微波萃取純露，運用正交試驗L9(34)設計針對影響萃取的四項變因：玫瑰採收後天數、萃取時間、玫瑰花瓣重量及萃取功率進行優選參數研究。試驗結果顯示，影響純露萃取率的重要程度排序為萃取時間 > 萃取功率 > 玫瑰花瓣重量 > 玫瑰採收後天數，藉由變異數分析確認影響純露萃取率之顯著變因為時間與瓦數。為確保微波萃取玫瑰純露品質，並以DPPH 自由基清除率為評選依據，影響清除率的重要程度排序為玫瑰花瓣重量 > 萃取時間 > 萃取功率 > 玫瑰採收後天數，其中玫瑰花瓣重量為顯著變因；優選結果建議採收後第三天玫瑰花瓣重量200 g，萃取時間25 min、功率500 W為最佳參數，兼顧質與量雙重考量，本研究建議該參數為無溶劑微波萃取玫瑰花瓣之最優選結果。經氣相層析質譜儀分析結果顯示，微波萃取玫瑰純露含苯乙醇、香葉醇、香茅醇與橙花醇四種成分加總比例高達82.22%，而蒸餾萃取之純露加總比例僅25.10%，顯示微波萃取優於蒸餾萃取，其香氣濃郁程度亦較佳。結論無溶劑微波萃取玫瑰純露不僅能大幅縮短萃取時間，更可獲取高比例醇類香氣成分，提升清除自由基能力，實驗條件參數亦可做為未來微波萃取玫瑰純露之參考依據。

關鍵字：正交法、微波萃取、玫瑰、純露、清除自由基

Abstract

Rose petals grown on farms in southern Taiwan were used for solvent-free microwave extractionRose petals grown on farms in southern Taiwan were used for solvent-free microwave extractionof hydrosol, and orthogonal test L9(34) design four variables: days after rose harvest, extraction time,rose petal weight and extraction power was used to study the optimal parameters that affect extraction.The order of importance for influencing extracting yield of hydrosol is extraction time > extractionpower > rose petal weight > days after rose harvest. It was confirmed by variance analysis thatextraction time and extraction power significantly influence the extracting yield of hydrosol. Ensurethe quality of rose hydrosol extracted by microwave, the optimization is based on the DPPH freeradical scavenging rate. The order of importance for the scavenging rate is rose petal weight >extraction time > extraction power > days after rose harvest, where rose petal weight is a significantfactor. The optimal results suggest that the weight of rose petals on the third day after harvesting is200 g, the extraction time is 25 min, and the power is 500 W were as the best parameters formicrowave extraction. Basing both quality and quantity requirement, our study suggests that this isthe best result for solvent-free microwave extraction of rose petals. The total proportion of fouralcohol components, i.e. phenylethyl alcohol, geraniol, citronellol and nerol, was 82.22% by gaschromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The total proportion of the same components indistillation extraction is only 25.10%, which shows that microwave extraction is better thandistillation extraction, and its aroma is also better. Conclusion solvent-free microwave extraction ofrose hydrosol can not only greatly shorten the extraction time, but also obtain a high proportion ofalcohol aroma components and improve the ability to scavenge free radicals. The experimentalparameters can also be used as a reference for future microwave extraction of rose hydrosol.

Keywords: orthogonal test design, microwave extraction, rose, hydrosol, free radicalscavenging.

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3.
飼糧中添加山藥複方降低斷乳仔豬死亡率之影響研究
Study on The Effect of Adding Common Yam Compound in Diet to Reduce The Mortality of Weaned Piglets
林文宏*Lin, Wen-Hung / 王献銘Wang, Hsien-Ming / 王韋棠

摘要

仔豬的體質好壞與存活率高低，是綜合養豬戶經營成敗的重要關鍵，因此全球養豬農對仔豬的體質好壞與存活率高低，是綜合養豬戶經營成敗的重要關鍵，因此全球養豬農對於斷乳仔豬體質的強化費盡心力。為了達到育成率增加，仔豬教槽料（teaching material）及保育飼料配方這二項影響甚大。飼養期間若養豬戶過渡施用抗生素，可能因抗生素不當使用引起抗藥性。若人體攝入殘留過量抗生素的肉品，亦會危害人體健康。因此本研究在飼糧中添加山藥（common yam）複方，觀察降低斷乳仔豬死亡率之影響，期許無抗生素養殖對永續農業與環境保護盡一份心力。本研究選擇山藥複方作為抗生素的替代，在綜合養豬場採行相同環境與相同管理技術下，於不同年份但相同時期飼養之二處畜牧場進行。以2021 年3 月至8月無添加山藥複方之死亡率為對照組，與2022 年3 月至8 月有添加山藥複方之死亡率為試驗組，進行比較分析研究。實驗之養豬場位於臺灣雲林縣。實驗資料以 SPSS 軟體進行平均數差異之描述性統計與獨立 t 檢定之方法分析。實驗結果顯示，在試驗組王献銘畜牧場一場，添加山藥複方之試驗組之斷乳仔豬死亡率較對照組降低 6.19 %（p≦0.001）；試驗組王献銘畜牧場二場之斷乳仔豬死亡率，較對照組降低 3.49 %（p≦0.05）。此結果說明，於飼糧中添加山藥複方可有效降低斷乳仔豬死亡率，顯著提升斷乳仔豬育成率。以此結果提供給豬農飼養戶，做為畜牧場管理之參考。

關鍵字：山藥、育成率、斷乳仔豬、永續農業、無抗養殖

Abstract

The good production and operation of piglets is an important key to the success or failure of pigThe good production and operation of piglets is an important key to the success or failure of pigfarmers. Therefore, pig farmers make great efforts to strengthen the physique of weaned pigletsglobally. To reduce the mortality of weaned piglets, the two items of piglet teaching material andnursery feed formula have a great influence. If pig farmers overuse antibiotics during feeding, it maycause drug resistance due to improper use of antibiotics. And the human body ingests meat withexcessive antibiotic residues, it will also endanger human health. Therefore, in this study, thecompound common yam was added to the diet to observe the effect of degradation on the mortalityof weaned piglets. Hope antibiotic-free farming can contribute to sustainable agriculture andenvironmental protection. In this study, common yam compound was selected as an alternative toantibiotics, and it was carried out in two livestock farms raised in different years but in the sameperiod under the same environment and the same management technology in a comprehensive pigfarm. The mortality rate without the addition of common yam compound from March to August 2021was used as the control group, and the mortality rate with the addition of common yam compoundfrom March to August 2022 was used as the experimental group for comparative analysis. Theexperimental pig farm is located in Yunlin County, Taiwan. The experimental data were analyzed bydescriptive statistics and independent t test with SPSS software. The results showed that in the firstfield, the mortality of weaned piglets in the experimental group added with common yam compoundwas 6.19 % lower than that in the control group ( p≦.001); the mortality of weaned piglets in theexperimental group in the second field was 3.49 % lower than that in the control group ( p≦.05). Theresults indicated that the addition of common yam compound in the diet could effectively reduce themortality of weaned piglets. Significantly improved the survival rate of weaned piglets. This result isprovided to pig farmers, as a reference for livestock farm management.

Keywords: common yam, breeding rate, weaned piglets, permaculture, feeding withoutantibiotics

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4.
中医本草主题背景下文创产品的设计原则及优化创新
Design Principles and Optimization for Cultural and Creative Products in Chinese Herbal Medicine Context
周文文* Zhou Wenwen / 叶茂 Ye Mao

摘要:

中医是中华民族在漫长的生活实践和医疗经验中总结而成的具有独特理论根基和自身风格的医疗体系。着力将文创与中医药文化相结合，既能扩大文化产业市场，也能传承和发扬中华文化传统。在进行中医本草主题文创产品设计过程中，应遵守文化性、创新性、实用性、宽泛性等特点展开设计，才能设计出更多符合现代人审美需求的文创产品。

关键词：中医本草、文创产品设计、原则、创新

Abstract:

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a medical system with unique theoretical foundation and its own style, which is concluded from the long life practice and medical experience of the Chinese nation. Focusing on the combination of cultural innovation and traditional Chinese medicine culture can not only expand the cultural industry market, but also inherit and carry forward Chinese cultural traditions. In the design process of traditional Chinese medicine themed cultural and creative products, we should abide by the characteristics of culture, innovation, practicability, broad design, so as to design more cultural and reative products that meet the aesthetic needs of modern people.

Key Words: Traditional Chinese Medicine, Cultural and Creative Product Design, Principles, Innovation

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5.
复方精油按摩结合艾灸减小腹部围度的效果观察
Observation on The Effect of Compound Essential Oil Massage Combined with Moxibustion on Reducing Abdominal Circumference
闵茹Min Ru

摘要

目的：本课题主要通过复方精油按摩结合艾灸对腹部围度改善进行研究，从而观察该方法对减小腹部围度是否有疗效。方法：本课题采用复方精油按摩结合艾灸对腹部进行实验操作，在操作前后测量腹部围度并记录数据，用于腰臀比计算，护理前腰臀比与护理后数据相比较，进行护理效果观察。结果：二十个模特中六个人显效，十一个人有效，三个人无效。所以根据自身的情况不同得出的结果也不相同。结论：本课题通过实验研究得出有 30%的人为显效，55%的人为有效，证明了复方精油结合艾灸对减小腹部围度是有疗效的。

關鍵字：腹部围度、芳香精油按摩、艾灸

Abstract

Objective: This subject mainly studies the improvement of abdominal girth through compound essential oil massage combined with moxibustion, so as to observe whether this method has curative effect on reducing abdominal girth. Methods: In this subject, compound essential oil massage combined with moxibustion was used to perform experimental operation on abdomen. Before and after the operation, abdominal circumference was measured and data were recorded, which was used to calculate waist-hip ratio. The waist-hip ratio before nursing was compared with the data after nursing, and the nursing effect was observed. Results: Of the twenty models, six were effective, eleven were effective and three were ineffective. Therefore, according to their own situation, the results are different. Conclusion: Through the experimental study, it is concluded that 30% of the patients are effective and 55% are effective, which proves that compound essential oil combined with moxibustion is effective in reducing abdominal girth.

Keywords: Abdominal circumference, Aromatic essential oil massage, moxibustion

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6.
食材溯源之田間管理個案研究 - 以落葵施用不同有機肥料之效益分析
A Case Study on The Field Management of Food Traceability - Benefit Analysis of Using Different Organic Fertilizers on
The Basella alba Linn.

林文宏* Lin, Wen-Hung





摘要


睡眠的时长直接影响着人体的代谢功能，特别是男性老年人，受睡眠质量的影响最大[ ]，缺乏深度睡眠、长时间睡眠的群体在白天的精神较差，容易产生疲惫感，因此引发其他的身体疾病；睡眠时间不足的状态长时间维持的话，个人的情绪更加消沉，容易产生负面想法。相关研究也证明芳香类中药可以通过嗅觉通路达到镇静、安神等功效，或可成为改善老年人睡眠障碍的新途径，在睡眠障碍的治疗领域必将具有广阔的前景。

关键词芳香疗法，老年人，睡眠障碍，研究进展

Abstract

The length of sleep directly affects the metabolic function of the human body, especially the male elderly, which is most affected by the quality of sleep []. The group lacking deep sleep and long-term sleep has poor spirit during the day and is prone to fatigue, which leads to other physical diseases; If the state of insufficient sleep time is maintained for a long time, personal mood is more depressed and prone to negative thoughts. Relevant studies have also proved that aromatic traditional Chinese medicine can achieve sedative and calming effects through the olfactory pathway, or can become a new way to improve sleep disorders in the elderly. It will have broad prospects in the treatment of sleep disorders..

Keywords: Aromatherapy, Aged, Sleep disorders, Research & Progress

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7. 銀髮族頭皮芳香紓壓及吸嗅之可行性研究

Exploring on Aromatherapy and Inhalation of Aged Scalp

譚彩鳳Tang, Tsai-Fong

摘要

根據勞工保險局統計發現，肌肉骨骼酸痛發生率由 2000 年的 58%，提升至 2010 年的 85% （勞委會勞工安全衛生研究所，2014），國外調查發現機構老人慢性疼痛比率 48.5~79%(Won et al.,2004)，台灣老人慢性疼痛比率在社區方面為 42%，機構則為 43.1~65.3%(Tsarist al.,2004； Tsai et al.,2005) ，當中頭皮、關節炎引起的疼痛、僵硬與腫脹，更是許多老人長期慢性酸痛的主因，常會影響頭、膝、髖、肩及手指等關節(Lansbury,2000)，當手部或手臂關節酸痛，就會引起活動功能受限，無法執行日常生活(Miller & Reynolds,2012)，所以處理高齡者頭皮紓壓、痠痛問題十分重要。芳香精油主要是植物將其本身光合作用所產生的養份轉化成芳香分子進而利用精油萃取出植物的精華，是大自然給人類最寶貴的禮物。利用精油天然植物菁華滾珠瓶來促進身心健康，透過皮膚、經絡到神經系統、荷爾蒙系統、血液系統、免疫系統，幫助人體身心舒解、調理新陳代謝，達到促進身體健康、心理愉悅的功能。解決銀髮族源於工作生活與生活壓力所形成之內在情緒失調所造成的頭皮、肌肉與健康問題。本研究實驗目的以白檀香、羅勒、絲柏、迷迭香、快樂鼠尾草、薄荷等精油配合甜杏仁油作滾珠瓶、刮痧按摩，採用類實驗法，採隨機取樣，樣本來自基隆 12 位已達 50 到 65 歲人員，有上班之銀髮族為主。其對象有醫療人員，教職員工，一般高齡老人，預計做頭皮芳香紓壓及擴香吸嗅，時間為期八週進行芳香精油滾珠瓶介入刮痧按摩，提升日常生活及環境免疫之防護。實驗前，受測者先進行 3 分鐘心率變異度分析，以白檀香 10 滴、羅勒 10 滴、絲柏 10 滴、迷迭香 10 滴、薄荷 10 滴、快樂鼠尾草 10 滴精油調和於 100ml 之黃金果油中，進行滾珠瓶調油刮痧與擴香吸嗅，之後再做心率變異度分析後測 3 分鐘。透過心率變異前後測的心率變異數值來評估改善差異。最後以 Excel 做分析、統計，讓本研究更具有信效度。

關鍵詞：頭皮紓壓、精油滾珠瓶、芳香保健按摩、心律變異儀

Abstract

According to the statistics of the Bureau of Labor Insurance, the incidence of musculoskeletal pain increased from 58% in 2000 to 85% in 2010 (the Institute of Labor Safety and Health of the Labor Council, 2014). Foreign surveys found that the chronic pain rate of the elderly in institutions was 48.5~ 79% (Won et al., 2004), the chronic pain rate among Taiwanese elderly is 42% in the community, and 43.1-65.3% in institutions (Tsarist al., 2004; Tsai et al., 2005), among which scalp, arthritis The pain, stiffness and swelling caused by it is the main cause of long-term chronic pain in many elderly people, which often affects joints such as head, knee, hip, shoulder and fingers (Lansbury, 2000). When the hand or arm joint is sore, it will cause movement function Restricted and unable to perform daily life (Miller & Reynolds, 2012), it is very important to deal with the scalp pressure and soreness of the elderly. Aromatic essential oils are mainly plants that convert the nutrients produced by their own photosynthesis into aromatic molecules and then use essential oils to extract the essence of plants. It is the most precious gift from nature to human beings. Use essential oils and natural plant essence roller ball bottles to promote physical and mental health, through the skin, meridians to the nervous system, hormonal system, blood system, immune system, to help the body and mind relax, regulate metabolism, and achieve the function of promoting physical health and psychological pleasure. Solve the scalp, muscle and health problems of silver-haired people caused by internal emotional disorders caused by work life and life pressure. The purpose of this study is to use essential oils such as white sandalwood, basil, cypress, rosemary, clary sage, and bergamot together with sweet almond oil for roller-ball bottle and scraping massage. A similar experiment method is adopted, and random sampling is adopted. The samples are from Keelung 12 There are people aged 50 to 65, mainly silver-haired people who work. The objects are medical staff, teaching staff, and the elderly in general. It is expected to do scalp aroma relief and aromatherapy inhalation. For eight weeks, the aroma oil roller ball bottle will be involved in scraping massage to improve the protection of daily life and environmental immunity. Before the experiment, the subjects were subjected to heart rate variability analysis for 3 minutes, and mixed with 100ml essential oils of white sandalwood, 10 drops of basil, 10 drops of cypress, 10 drops of rosemary, 10 drops of mint, and 10 drops of clary sage. In the golden fruit oil, perform oil-adjusting scraping in a roller bottle, diffuse fragrance and inhale, and then do heart rate variability analysis and measure for 3 minutes. Finally, Excel was used for analysis and statistics to make this research more reliable and valid.

Key Words：Scalp , Essential Oil Bottle, Aroma Massage, Heart Rate Variation (HRV).

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ISSN 25226592 DOI：10.6763/IJTCMA

中醫本草健康促進期刊徵稿